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Pie without pumpkins, mornings without coffee, and well, honey without honey. With almost three-quarters of the world’s food crops depending on pollination to produce—life without bees wouldn’t only be less sweet—life wouldn’t be.
授粉在bbin游戏官网吃的食物中扮演着重要的角色. It improves shelf life and food quality and results in more flavourful, attractive produce. We have all seen our fair share of misshapen fruits and vegetables: carrots with three legs, 双头草莓等“丑”字, 但是有营养, 斯台普斯. “Ugly food” is likely the result of inadequate pollination that stops the seed from developing properly.
但蜜蜂所做的不仅仅是让bbin游戏官网的食物足够好吃. 农民依靠他们的生意取得成功. 作为作物传粉者, bees increase yields by a median of 24 per cent and increase crop value by $15 billion each year in the US alone. 蜜蜂对bbin游戏官网的食物系统至关重要 世界上87种主要作物都需要授粉, making their contribution to agriculture a necessity for global food security.
还记得上次你被蜜蜂蜇的情景吗? 如果一切似曾相识，那你并不孤单. Bees have been on a steep decline since 2006 when beekeepers reported that an abnormal number of hives were left abandoned in what soon became known as colony collapse disorder.
蜂群衰竭失调 (CCD) is an unusual phenomenon that occurs when most of the worker bees disappear from the colony, 留下一个女王, plenty of food and a few nurse bees to care for the remaining immature bees and the queen. 当它第一次被发现时, beekeepers recorded unusually high losses of 30 to 90 percent of their hives and they continue to lose up to 45 percent of their hives every winter. The phenomenon has long baffled scientists and while there have been many theories, 领先的研究人员现在专注于几个因素.
农药是罪魁祸首之一，尤其是那些用于 商业化的农业. 研究 have shown that pesticides can be found in trace amounts on pollen grains which bees then bring back to their hives for food, 长时间食用会致命吗. 杀虫剂也会改变它们的觅食行为, 削弱他们的免疫系统, 影响幼虫发育，甚至干扰它们的交流, 哪一种依赖于化学和物理信号.
单一栽培是一个有争议的问题, 然而,常见的, farming practice where the same type of crop is repeatedly grown on the same land year-after-year. This provides bees with just one type of pollen for a prolonged period of time, 导致营养不良, 并要求 农药用量增加，化肥用量增加，土壤健康下降.
Change or loss of habitat is another prime factor in decreasing bee populations. 没有自然环境或食物觅食的, 蜂房没有足够的资源来维持种群.
Bees are more susceptible to viral andbacterial diseases when their immune systems are weakened. 一些常见的疾病包括 Varroatosis, Small hive beetle, Tropilaelapsosis and American foulbrood.
Parasites, like the Varroa destructor, are an invasive pest and a major threat to bees. 顾名思义, the Varroa destructor is incredibly dangerous and often infects the bees before they reach adulthood.
So, with our global food system at stake, how can we protect and 支持 pollinators?
Farmers understand the untapped value of pollinators and are turning to climate-friendly 再生 agriculture practices to bring back bees. 许多人一直在使用 再生 practices for years in order to boost profits by making their soil healthier and more productive with each growing season.
Regenerative agriculture is a set of farming practices that treats farms as an entire ecosystem and places a strong focus on improving soil health. 该运动鼓励免耕, 减少农药使用, 覆盖作物, 轮作, 堆肥, 更高质量的花卉资源和更多.
Farmers who are embracing these practices are seeing more than just a return of bees. 事实上, 萨斯喀彻温省的农民 have reported that the transition to 再生 practices has brought a higher bee population, 更高的利润和更高的效率. 这里有四种再生蜜蜂的方法:
Attracting pollinators can be as simple as planting flowering plants such as red clover, 田野附近的长穗花和向日葵. 加拿大农民 把蜜蜂数量的恢复归因于蜜蜂友好型开花吗.
许多农民正在转向 病虫害综合治理 to control pests in an effective, economical and environmentally sound way. They do this by placing more importance on preventing pests and understanding how to identify and monitor both pests and beneficial organisms, 决定控制策略的最佳组合. This concept evolved in response to problems caused by an over-reliance on chemical pesticides and focuses on reducing pesticide use and where needed, 以最低的有效标签率使用产品.
Variety is the spice of life and a necessity when it comes to balancing a bee’s diet. 除了对蜜蜂有益之外, 再生 farmers plant a mixture of different crops that bloom at different times and grow at different rates to improve soil health by replenishing the nutrients and bacteria necessary for the fertile soil.
植物覆盖作物，开花覆盖作物
覆盖作物改善土壤结构, 保护水源，甚至可以帮助吸引作物传粉者, 如果你选择开花的覆盖作物. There are many 覆盖作物 available to growers so be sure to research and use the right one for your 轮作.
对土壤健康来说，耕作不仅是一个“禁忌”, 它还剥夺了地面筑巢蜜蜂的可居住土地. Farmers will benefit from better soil health and an increase in bee populations by leaving areas of grass or bare soil un-tilled.
没有蜜蜂, bbin游戏官网的盘子就空了, our grocery stores bare and our global food system would cease to exist—but it’s not too late to 支持 and protect pollinators. Now is the time to re-think how we relate to nature and pollinators and what actions we can take to 支持 these tiny hard workers and the millions of livelihoods they, 反过来, 支持.
bbin游戏官网有机会把蜜蜂带回来 让bbin游戏官网的家对蜜蜂更友好，做一个尽责的消费者 and championing 再生 practices in agriculture that will save bees and increase food security.
世界蜜蜂日快乐!
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